|
}} Abu Musab al-Zarqawi ((アラビア語:أبو مصعب الزرقاوي), ', ''Abu Musab from Zarqa''; October 20, 1966 – June 7, 2006), born Ahmad Fadeel al-Nazal al-Khalayleh ((アラビア語:أحمد فضيل النزال الخلايله), ') was a militant Islamist from Jordan who ran a paramilitary training camp in Afghanistan. He became known after going to Iraq and being responsible for a series of bombings, beheadings, and attacks during the Iraq War, reportedly "turning an insurgency against US troops" in Iraq "into a Shia-Sunni civil war." He was sometimes known as "Shaykh of the slaughterers". He formed al-Tawhid wal-Jihad in the 1990s, and led it until his death in June 2006. Zarqawi took responsibility, on several audio and video recordings, for numerous acts of violence in Iraq including suicide bombings and hostage executions. Zarqawi opposed the presence of U.S. and Western military forces in the Islamic world, as well as the West's support for the existence of Israel. In late 2004 he joined al-Qaeda, and pledged allegiance to Osama bin Laden. After this al-Tawhid wal-Jihad became known as Tanzim Qaidat al-Jihad fi Bilad al-Rafidayn, also known as al-Qaeda in Iraq (AQI), and al-Zarqawi was given the al-Qaeda title, "Emir of Al Qaeda in the Country of Two Rivers".〔Chehab, Zaki 2006, Iraq Ablaze: Inside the Insurgency, IB Tauris & Co, Cornwall, p. 8.〕 In September 2005, he declared "all-out war" on Shi'ites in Iraq, after the Iraqi government offensive on insurgents in the Sunni town of Tal Afar. He dispatched numerous suicide bombers throughout Iraq to attack American soldiers and areas with large concentrations of Shia militias. He is also thought to be responsible for the 2005 bombing of three hotels in Amman, Jordan.〔(Amman Bombings Reflect Zarqawi's Growing Reach By Craig Whitlock, ) Washington Post, November 13, 2005〕 Zarqawi was killed in a targeted killing by a Joint U.S. force on June 7, 2006, while attending a meeting in an isolated safehouse in Hibhib, a small village approximately west-northwest of Baqubah. One United States Air Force F-16C jet dropped two 500-pound (230 kg) guided bombs on the safehouse. == Course of life == === Early life === Ahmad Fadeel al-Nazal al-Khalayleh ((アラビア語:أحمد فضيل النزال الخلايلة), '), is believed to have been al-Zarqawi's real name. "Abu Musab" literally translates to "Musab's father," born in the name Ahmed al-Khalayleh to an impoverished Jordanian Bedouin family in 1966 (Some media and Government officials described him as a Palestinian-Jordanian).〔〔http://www.discoverthenetworks.org/individualProfile.asp?indid=788〕〔http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/2730253.stm〕 He was raised in a mining town named Zarqa located 17 miles north of Amman. Zarqawi is reported as having been a high school dropout and a petty criminal in his youth. () () 〔Bergen, Peter. " ''The Osama bin Laden I Know'', 2006〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Abu Musab al-Zarqawi」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|